条约与成文规则 · 出现 1

《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》第18条:宗教表达

ICCPR Article 18: Manifestation of Religion

本单元进度 · STAGES0 / 4
国际人权法文化遗产、宗教与原住民权利出现 1 届 · 2011
STAGE 01

规范依据

NORMATIVE BASIS规范命题、原文与来源 · Rule and sources收起 · Collapse展开 · Expand

《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》第18条保护个人单独或与他人共同、公开或私下以礼拜、遵守、实践和教导方式表达宗教或信仰的自由。对表达的限制必须由法律规定,并为保护第18条第3款列举的目的所必需;解释性材料要求限制与具体需要直接相关且相称,并不得以歧视方式适用。

2011 年触发事实

  • 赛题中的马瓦兹禁令同时涵盖公共穿戴和穿戴者获得公共服务。
  • 政府提出女性权利与公共安全理由;这些理由仍须放入第18条第3款的逐项测试。
Article 18本站中文译文
中文文本 · Chinese text

第十八条 1. 人人有思想、良心和宗教自由。此项权利包括选择或接受其所选择的宗教或信仰的自由,以及单独或集体、公开或私下以礼拜、遵守、实践和教导来表达其宗教或信仰的自由。 2. 任何人不得受到足以损害其选择或接受其所选择的宗教或信仰之自由的强迫。 3. 表达宗教或信仰的自由,仅得受法律所规定且为保护公共安全、秩序、健康或道德,或他人的基本权利和自由所必需的限制。 4. 本公约缔约国承诺尊重父母及于适用时法定监护人按照其本人信念确保子女宗教和道德教育的自由。

英文原文 · English text
1. Everyone shall have the right to freedom of thought, conscience and religion. This right shall include freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice, and freedom, either individually or in community with others and in public or private, to manifest his religion or belief in worship, observance, practice and teaching. 2. No one shall be subject to coercion which would impair his freedom to have or to adopt a religion or belief of his choice. 3. Freedom to manifest one's religion or beliefs may be subject only to such limitations as are prescribed by law and are necessary to protect public safety, order, health, or morals or the fundamental rights and freedoms of others. 4. The States Parties to the present Covenant undertake to have respect for the liberty of parents and, when applicable, legal guardians to ensure the religious and moral education of their children in conformity with their own convictions.
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